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Samuel Fritz
Samuel Fritz (1654 – 20 March 1725, 1728 or 1730)〔 was a Czech Jesuit missionary, noted for his exploration of the Amazon River and its basin. He spent most of his life preaching to Native American communities in the western Amazon region, including the Omaguas, the Yurimaguas, the Aisuare, the Ibanomas, and the Ticunas.
==Life==
Fritz was born at Trautenau, Bohemia. He entered the Society of Jesus as a novice in 1673, and studied mathematics, geodesy and surveying. In 1684 he was sent to Quito as a missionary. For over forty years Fritz acted in this capacity among the Indians of the Upper Marañon. Between 1686 and 1715, he founded thirty-eight missions along the length of the Amazon River, in the country between the Rio Napo and Rio Negro, that were called the Omagua Missions.〔 The most important of these were Nuestra Señora de las Nieves de Yurimaguas and San Joaquín de Omaguas, founded in the first years of Fritz’s missionary activities, and then moved, by January 1689 to the mouth of the Ampiyacu river, near the modern-day town of Pebas in the Peruvian Department of Loreto. These missions were continually attacked by the Brazilian Bandeirantes beginning in the 1690s.〔(Michael, Lev . 2014. "On the Pre-Columbian Origin of Proto-Omagua-Kokama." ''Journal of Language Contact'' 7(2):309{344. )〕
Adept in technical arts and handicrafts, he also was a physician, a painter, a carpenter, a joiner and a linguist skilled at interacting with the Indians.〔Johann Christoph Adelung, (''Mithridates oder allgemeine Sprachenkunde: mit dem Vater Unser als Sprachprobe in beynahe fünfhundert Sprachen und Mundarten.'', (Berlin, 1806), III, ii ), 611. "The linguistic abilities of Samuel Fritz."〕 He was effective and respected, and helpful to the Viceroyalty of Peru in its boundary dispute with the State of Brazil. At the request of the Real Audiencia of Quito he began in 1687 to delineate the disputed missionary territory on the Upper Marañon between Peru and Quito.〔(Samuel Fritz, ''Journal of the Travels and Labours of Father Samuel Fritz in the River of the Amazons Between 1686 and 1723,'' edited by George Edmundson; Issue 51 of Works issued by the Hakluyt Society, ISSN 0072-9396; Hakluyt Society, 1922. )〕
Fritz detailed his early missionary activity among the Omagua people in a set of personal diaries written between 1689 and 1723. Lengthy passages from these diaries were compiled and interspersed with commentary by an anonymous author in the time between Fritz’s death and 1738, when they appear in the collection of Pablo Maroni.〔Maroni, Pablo. ()1988. ''Noticias auténticas del famoso río Marañón.'' Iquitos: Instituto de Investigaciones de la Amazonía Peruana (IIAP); Centro de Estudios Teológicos de la Amazonía (CETA).〕
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